Ubuyobozi bwuzuye bwo gufunga inkingi nibisabwa

Ibyihuta byatewe bikomeza kuba umwe mubintu byingenzi byingenzi kuva kuvumbura hashize imyaka irenga 2.400. Kubera ko archytas ya Tarentwu yashizeho tekinoroji yo kunoza amavuta yo kunoza amavuta no kohereza mu bihe bishya kandi ubu ababikora biterwa na miriyoni mu rwego rwo gushyigikira miliyoni zitandukanye.

Mu myaka ya 1860, angle ya mbere ya mbere kandi nimero-ya mbere yemereye ibigo gukoresha uruganda rwakozwe uruganda muburyo bwose bwibikoresho nibicuruzwa. Uyu munsi, abasesenguzi bahanura isoko ryizihiza ryimashini n'inganda bazagera kuri miliyari 109 z'amadolari saa 2025, zikura ku buryo bwo gukura buri mwaka (Cagr) zirenga 4% mu myaka itanu iri imbere. Ibyingenzi bigezweho bifasha buri nganda muburyo bugezweho bwa elegitoroniki yamashanyarazi hamwe nibikoresho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro ndetse no hanze yacyo.

• Ibyingenzi byibasiwe zikoresha ihame ryita ku mpinduka kugirango uhindure imbaraga za tension mumurongo

   

• Ibyingenzi bigezweho bifasha hafi yose inganda, harimo na electronics, aerospace, imodoka, ninzego zinganda

   

• Ibyingenzi byinjira biza muburyo bwose nubunini, bikwiranye nibisabwa byose harimo ibishushanyo mbonera mugihe bikenewe

   

Mu myaka yashize, ubwoko bwihuta nibishushanyo byakomeje guhinduka none ufite ibisubizo bitandukanye byo gutoragura kubisabwa. Dukurikije impuguke zifatizo, 95% yo gutsindwa zibaho haba kubera gutoranya ibyihuta cyangwa kubera kwishyiriraho igice. Imikorere itandukanye, igishushanyo mbonera, ibishushanyo, nibikoresho byose bigira ingaruka ku mbaraga zihuriweho nuburemere bwibicuruzwa muri rusange.

Dore ubuyobozi bubintu ukeneye byose kugirango umenye ibijyanye no gufunga inkingi za none nibisabwa.

Igisobanuro cyihuta cyane ni fixture ikoresha igiterane cyongewe kiva mumutwe wa silindrike kugirango winjiremo ibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi hamwe. Urudodo cyangwa spiral ramp ihinduka imbaraga zo kuzunguruka (cyangwa torque) muburyo bumwe bufite umurongo ushoboye kubungabunga impagarara kubikoresho byinshi.

Iyo urudodo ruri hanze ya shaft ya silindrike (nko kuri bolts), byitwa umugozi wumugabo nabari imbere (imbuto) ni igitsina gore. Iyo insanganyamatsiko yimbere hamwe ninyuma zikorana na hamwe, impagarara za mansion yumurongo wihuta urashobora kwihanganira imitekerereze miremire irashobora kwihanganira imitekerereze miremire irashobora guhangayikishwa nibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi byibintu bizahuzwa.

Ibyingenzi byibasiwe zikoresha imbaraga zo kurwanya gukururwa no gukumira ibice bitandukanye kuri mugenzi wawe kunyerera. Imbaraga za tensile na consion imiterere iba nziza kubihe aho ukeneye ingingo ikomeye, idahoraho hagati yibikoresho byose. Abahuje inkingi bashyigikira imodoka, aerospace, guhimba, kubaka, no kubaka inganda zubuhinzi, mubindi.

Ibishushanyo bivuye ku marigaciro bikabije, bigafasha imbaraga zitandukanye zijyanye na porogaramu yihariye. Mugihe ushushanya ibicuruzwa bishya cyangwa uburyo bwo guhitamo ibishushanyo bihari, uzakenera kumenya icyo abafunga imigozi bahari kugirango bashyigikire ingingo ninteko.

Ubwoko butandukanye bwibishushanyo burahari uyumunsi bukwiriye umubare uwo ariwo wose winjira no gufunga porogaramu. Guhitamo igishushanyo mbonera gikomeje kuba igice cyingenzi cyibicuruzwa muri rusange birimo ubwoko bwumutwe, kubara urudodo, nimbaraga zumubiri.

Ukurikije porogaramu, ubwoko bwingenzi bwabafunze inkwavu birimo:

• Nuts- Mubisanzwe ibinyomoro byabagore bihuye na bolt muburyo butandukanye bwo gukosora ibice bibiri hamwe

   

• Bolts- Urudodo rw'abagabo hanze ya silinderi yashinze ibikoresho by'igitsina gore cyangwa ikoresha ibinyomoro kugeza ibikoresho mu mwanya

   

• Imigozi- ntibisaba ibinyomoro kandi biza hafi cyangwa ubunini, ukoresheje ihame ryinjijwe kugirango winjiremo ibikoresho bibiri

   

• Wames- Gukwirakwiza imizigo mugihe cyo gukomera kuri screw, bolt, ibinyomoro, cyangwa inkoni

   

Ubwoko bwo hejuru ni uburyo nyamukuru bwo kuganwa, hamwe na subtypes zitandukanye nka Hex Bolts, imigozi yimashini, urupapuro rwicyuma cyihuta hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye hamwe namanota aboneka.

Kubisabwa byihariye, urashobora gushushanya inkingi ya tlique kandi ihambiriye (mubisanzwe ikozwe kugirango itumize) niba ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bitazahagije. Anchor Bolts Yinjire Ibyuma byubaka Kubaka Urufatiro mugihe umuyoboro umanikwa hamwe nimyanda buri gihe zikenera imbaraga zisumba izindi nkingirwa gushyigikira ibishushanyo mbonera byo gushyigikira ibishushanyo mbonera.

Inkongi y'umugozi ikora nka bolts ariko mubisanzwe ifite umutwe udasanzwe cyangwa igipimo cyigice gifite imbaraga nyinshi muburyo buhuriweho. Abakora ibigezweho barashobora gukorana nawe kugirango babone ibikoresho byiza, igishushanyo mbonera, hamwe nimbaraga za kanseri kugirango bashyigikire ibyifuzo byose mugihe cyo kubika igiciro nuburemere. Ibyingenzi bya plastike byinjijwe kandi bikunze kugaragara mubicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki, bigafasha inteko yihuse mugihe yemerera guhungabana mugihe ibicuruzwa bigomba kwinjira mugusana.

Ibyingenzi cyane byibasiwe bizaza hamwe na code (cyangwa warashushanyije) kubiranga ibicuruzwa. Amakuru akubiye muri aya code azagufasha gufata icyemezo gikwiye mugihe uhisemo ibicuruzwa kubisabwa.

Inyandiko ku bafunga inkwavu isobanura:

• Ubwoko bwo gutwara- Gutwara byihuse ahantu hashobora gusaba igikoresho cyangwa igikoresho kidasanzwe. Ubwoko bwo gutwara burimo ibikoresho nka Phillips (Imiyoboro), Hex Socket (nuts), kare, (imitwe cyangwa inyenyeri (ifunga ryinshi).

   

• Imiterere yumutwe- asobanura umutwe wihuta ushobora kuba uryamye, uruziga, isafuriya, hex, cyangwa amavuta. Guhitamo ubwoko bwumutwe biterwa n'ubwoko bwirangiza ushaka kubicuruzwa byawe cyangwa inteko.

   

• Ibikoresho- Ibikoresho nikimwe mubitekerezo byingenzi muguhitamo kwihuta. Mugihe ibikoresho bigena imbaraga rusange, ugomba kwemeza ko uhitamo ibyihuta bizana imbaraga zihagije nkigice cyimitungo yayo.

   

• Igipimo- Buri cyiciro cyindodo kazagira kandi igipimo cyashyizweho kashe kubicuruzwa kugirango bikuyobore. Harimo diameter, kubara urudodo, n'uburebure. Muri Amerika, Bolts cyangwa imitwe mito irenga 1/4 "irashobora gukoresha umubare mugihe cya metric mubunini ku isi yose izaguha ibipimo bya milimetero.

   

Inyandiko kuruhande cyangwa kumutwe wihuta cyane iguha amakuru yose ukeneye kumenya niba ibicuruzwa bizakwira mugushushanya kwawe.